The eastern cottonwood is a member of the willow family (Salicaceae). It grows tall as well, averaging 80-100 ft but potentially growing as high as 200 ft. 5–10 cm; Tip longer than eastern cottonwood; Colour. Steve Nix is a natural resources consultant and a former forest resources analyst for the state of Alabama. Eastern cottonwood has limited timber use. Specific Epithet deltoides. It generally has a thin, spreading crown and a straight bole. Leaf Length - 3 to 5 inches. The eastern cottonwood is a member of the willow family (Salicaceae). Eastern cottonwood is a large, fast-growing tree found growing along streams, rivers, and lowland areas. The leaves are large and deltoid (triangular) in shape with a more or less flattened base and long petiole. Eastern Cottonwood - Populus deltoides Leaves are alternate, simple, single toothed, triangle shaped. deltoides Bartr. Texture: glabrous. It sometimes reaches a height of 100 to 130 feet and a diameter of 5 to 6 feet. One last identification feature is to follow the cotton in early summer. Leaves are green in summer, turning yellow or brown in fall. Fire scars may facilitate the onset of heartwood decay. (Dave Powell/USDA Forest Service/CC BY 3.0 us), (U.S. Geological Survey/Wikimedia Commons), (Bureau of Land Management/Wikimedia Commons), Cucumbertree, A Common Tree in North America, Mockernut Hickory, A Common Tree in North America, Black Locust, a Common Tree in North America, White Oak, A Common Tree in North America, Slippery Elm, A Common Tree in North America, Southern Red Oak, a Common Tree in North America, American Beech, a Common Tree in North America, Butternut, a Common Tree in North America, Black Oak, a Common Tree in North America, Scarlet Oak, A Top 100 Common Tree in North America, Willow Oak: Favorite Wildlife Food and Landscape Tree, B.S., Forest Resource Management, University of Georgia. The wood is light, soft, and weak, and is dark brown in color with thick nearly white sapwood, warping badly in drying. The tree is a hardwood and the lineal taxonomy is Magnoliopsida > Salicales > Salicaceae > Populus deltoides deltoides Bartr. Mature trees have deep grooves with thick ridges and are light brown to ash-gray in color. The mature eastern cottonwood grows to a height of 65-130 ft. (20-40 m). Size 75 to 100' Bloom Time March to April. Note: The margin of the Eastern Cottonwood is a bit difficult to discern. It is shade-intolerant and found on rich, moist sites often near rivers and streams. (7.62 – 12.7 cm) wide, sometimes triangular, sometimes heart-shaped, leaf margin serrated; petioles flat. There has also been interest in growing it for inclusion in cattle feed, since it is a good source of cellulose relatively free of undesirable components, such as tannins. This is a dioecious tree species. Eastern cottonwood is also sometimes called southern cottonwood, Carolina poplar, eastern poplar, necklace poplar, and álamo. Photo credit: Larry Korhnak, University of Florida, UF School of Forest Resources & Conservation. Huge collection, amazing choice, 100+ million high quality, affordable RF and RM images. Family Salicaceae. Leaves are simple, alternate, and deciduous. Leaf Type Simple. The wood is light, soft, and weak. Eastern Redbud has an irregular growth habit when young but forms a gr… Leaf Size 3 to 5" long and wide. Leaf Arrangement Alternate. Eastern Cottonwood; Eastern Poplar; Poplar; Phonetic Spelling POP-yoo-lus del-TOY-deez Description. Hardiness: Zones 2 through 9 . Cottonwood gets its common name from the wads of cotton surrounding its seeds, which facilitate dispersal by wind and water. Male and female flowers develop on separate trees. The Eastern Cottonwood is both a fast growing and a short-lived tree. Leaf Color - Lustrous, bright-green during summer, golden-yellow in late fall. The state tree of Oklahoma, Eastern Redbud is a moderate to rapid-grower when young, reaching a height of 20 to 30 feet. The lightweight, rather soft wood is used primarily for core stock in manufacturing furniture and for pulpwood. Eastern cottonwood is a medium-sized tree that reaches heights of 50’to 100’ in height. Due to its large size, weak wood, and penetrating roots, it is best used on large properties away from residential areas. Plants. Arboretum Collection LT. Lifecycle. Lump Growth on a Cottonwood Tree. Cultural Requirements. Eastern cottonwood seedlings and young trees are browsed upon by a variety of mammals including rabbits, deer, and domestic livestock. Ecological Role - The cottonwood is a producer, transforming the sun’s energy into food energy. Leaf Shape, Margin, and Venation. Both male and female flowers are pendulous catkins. Though necklace poplar (also known as eastern cottonwood) is a short-lived tree, already old at age 75, it can grow to 100 feet (30m) or more in height in its native streamside habitats. The petiole is flattened and glands are present at the top of the petiole. Eastern Cottonwood Populus deltoides. The leaf shape of cottonwood trees will set them apart from tuliptrees. Eastern cottonwood grows along streams and on bottomlands from southern Quebec westward into North Dakota and southwestern Manitoba, south to central Texas, and east to northwestern Florida and Georgia. He is a member of the Society of American Foresters. Trees of this size are often found on moist sites. Click on any thumbnail to see a photo. occidentalis, plains cottonwood, where the ranges overlap. Leaf Width - 3 to 5 inches. Fall Color Yellow. Also, the edge (margin) of the latter is deeply notched (crenelated), while that of the angustifolia is less so, and the balsamifera's is smooth. The 2 to 5 inch long, simple, triangle-shaped, deciduous leaves have a toothed margin, and an elongated tip. The poplar petiole gall aphid (Pemphigus populitransversus) lays its eggs on cottonwood leaves, producing characteristic marble-sized galls where the petiole meets the blade of the leaf. All tree leaves exhibit margins (leaf blade edges) that are either serrated or smooth. Expand. native to eastern North America; hardy to zone 2; Habit and Form . Image by Wikimedia Commons. Tree leaf chart: Leaf shape and arrangement. Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides) Family: Salicaceae . Look for snowstorms of this cotton in early June. Flower Reddish. Fire generally kills eastern cottonwood. This NC native plant is found at fine sandy loams or silt loams in stream banks of the piedmont and coastal plain. Tree leaf shapes . INTRODUCTION A leaf is an above-ground plant organ specialized ... American planetree Scientific name: Plantanus occidentalis Leaf shape: Palmate shape FIGURE 6 Tip Vein Margin Midrib Petiole Tip Margin Petiole Midrib Vein. Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides), one of the largest eastern hardwoods, is short-lived but the fastest-growing commercial forest species in North America. Fast-growing yet relatively short-lived, cottonwoods are easily distinguished by their triangular- (or deltoid-) shaped leaves that easily flutter in the wind. Description. Size - 100 ft. (30.48 m) tall. Named after 19th century American explorer John C. Fremont, it is similar to the Eastern Cottonwood, differing mainly in the leaves having fewer, larger serrations on the leaf edge and small … a deciduous tree; wide spreading; pyramidal in youth; open, oval, irregular crown; 80' to 100' tall; 40' to 60' wide; coarse texture; fast growth rate; Summer Foliage. Deep planting permits reforesting of nonproductive fields with sandy soils having available moisture beneath a dry surface layer. Upper surface bright shiny green; Lower surface slightly paler ; Petiole yellowish-green; Margin. Flowers and Fruits Flower Type - Unisexual catkins on female trees bear many seeds surrounded by silky or cottony hairs. Find the perfect eastern cottonwood stock photo. Leaf Margin. Eastern cottonwood requires leaf N concentrations of at least 2 percent to maximize volume production (Blackmon and White 1972). Eastern Cottonwood Leaf - Photo by Paul Wray, Iowa State University. ... 17.78 cm) long and 3 – 5 in. Its growth may exceed 10 feet in height its first year, about 5 feet in height in each succeeding year, and about 1 inch in diameter per year. The petiole is distinctively flattened, making the leaf flap from side to side rather than up and down. Triangular, tip taper-pointed; Often pendulous; Usually 3–5 warty glands at the base of the leaf blade; Neoformed leaves broadly ovate, hairy when unfolding; Length. 5–10 cm; Colour. The petiole is flattened and glands are present at the top of the petiole. Populus deltoids, commonly called common cottonwood is a large, fast-growing tree or shrub. Shape: deltoid with truncate base. Leaf: Alternate, simple, pinnately veined, 3 to 6 inches long, triangular (deltoid) in shape with a crenate/serrate margin. Leaves are alternate, simple, 3–7 inches long, broadly triangular, abruptly pointed, with coarse teeth with tiny hairs, small glands at base of leaf blade; upper surface green, shiny; lower surface paler, smooth; leaf stalk slender, flattened. eastern cottonwood Salicaceae Populus deltoides W. Bartram ex Marshall symbol: PODE3 Leaf: Alternate, simple, pinnately veined, 3 to 6 inches long, triangular (deltoid) in shape with a crenate/serrate margin. Mature trees with thick bark may be only scarred or top-killed. Leaf Margin Serrated. Light gray-brown and smooth with shallow grooves on young trees. The western boundary is not well defined because eastern cottonwood intergrades with var. 7. Cookies. Habitat. Cottonwood trees (Populus spp.) Underside is smooth and a pale green. The lightweight, rather soft wood is used primarily for core stock in manufacturing furniture and for pulpwood. eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides) Leaf: Alternate, simple, pinnately veined, 3 to 6 inches long, triangular (deltoid) in shape with a crenate/serrate margin. Conical capsule 5 to 9 inches in length borne on pendent stalks, 8 to 12 inches long. There has been considerable interest in cottonwood for energy biomass, because of its high yield potential and coppicing ability. McSush/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY 3.0. Bark Ridge and furrowed. Cottonwood buds are also somewhat distinctive, in winter and early spring they are large, long, and pointed. We have looked at ways of identifying leaves by looking at the way they are arranged on the stem and their overall shape. Tuliptrees have very distinctive leaves. USDA Forest Service Fire Effects Information System (FEIS) -. Thirty-year-old specimens are rare, but they can reach 35 feet in height forming a rounded vase. Often the description can vary because of the maturity of the leaf. The Fremont Cottonwood, also known as the Western Cottonwood or the Rio Grande Cottonwood, Populus fremontii, occurs in California east to Utah and Arizona and south into northwest Mexico. amblyphylla; Hibiscus tiliaceus, a flowering shrub or tree in the mallow family; In the genus Populus, a number of difficult-to-distinguish trees: . It develops a single stout trunk up to 4-6' across and forms an ovoid crown in open situations. Leaf buds are large, 1-inch long, reddish green and pointed. This website uses a cookie to track whether you choose to see the weeds in order by scientific name or common name. are large, quick-growing trees valued for their vibrant autumn foliage. The cottonwood is a large, relatively short-lived tree with a wide, spreading crown and a large straight trunk. Common name: Banana tree Scientific name: Musa Leaf shape: Oblong shape FIGURE 7 8. The bark is silvery-white, smooth, or lightly fissured when young, becoming darker gray and deeply fissured on older trees. Eastern cottonwood is one of the few hardwood species that is planted and grown specifically for these purposes. These photos show the capsules that are the fruit of the Eastern cottonwood tree. This tree species occurs from Alberta east to Quebec and south to Florida, Texas, Arizona, and northern Mexico. Some improved clones in some tree plantations have yielded trees that grew up to 10 feet per year. Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides) is the fastest growing and largest tree found in Iowa. Beavers are known to use cottonwood poles for construction of their dams. It grows best on moist well-drained sands or silts near streams, often in pure stands. Flower: Species is dioecious; male and female as pendulous catkins, appearing before the leaves. It is not uncommon for young trees to grow in excess of 6 feet in height each year. Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides), one of the largest eastern hardwoods, is short-lived but the fastest-growing commercial forest species in North America. Eastern cottonwood. Form: This is a medium-sized tree reaching 70-100 ft. in height and 2.5- 4 ft dbh. The splendid purple-pink flowers appear all over the tree in spring, just before the leaves emerge. The north-south distribution extends from latitude 28 N. to 46 N. It is absent from the higher Appalachian areas and from much of Florida and the Gulf Coast except along rivers. 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